Investigation of Staged Air supply on Grate Combustion of Palm Kernel Shell Mixed with Selected additives (Al2O3 and CaO)

Authors

  • K. O. Oladosu Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
  • E. O. Olafimihan Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
  • K. A. Babatunde Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
  • B. Kareem Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
  • A. A. Mustapha

Keywords:

Palm kernel shell, Air supply, Combustion, Emission

Abstract

Grate furnace is a proven technology for combustion of biomass for heat and power generations because of its fuel adaptability and easy handling. Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and temperature measurement are the key performance indices of the grate furnace for energy generation. This study aimed at investigating the influence of adjusting primary to secondary air supply on combustion efficiency and gaseous emission. The results of experimental work showed that temperature above grate decreases as the primary to secondary air setting increases. Maximum combustion temperature recorded in this study was 785 oC above the grate during the test period at air split ratio of (40:60). At the exhaust port (1.38 m) above the grate [the freeboard temperature region increases in 60 minutes of combustion] maximum level of CO2 (8446 ppm) accompanied by low level of CO (285 ppm) was recorded. These optimality attainments have made the air ratio (out of the test cases) most appropriate for efficient combustion.

References

Edmund, C. O., Christopher, M. S., & Pascal, D. K. (2014). Characterization of palm kernel shell for materials reinforcement and water treatment. Journal of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, 5(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.5897/JCEMS2014.0172

Izah, S., Ohimain, E. and Angaye, T. (2016): Potential Thermal Energy from Palm Oil Processing Solid Wastes in Nigeria: Mills Consumption and Surplus Quantification British Journal of Renewable Energy, 01(01), 39-45.

Liang, W., Løvås, T. and Houshfar, E. (2014): Effect of Sewage Sludge Addition on Potassium Release and Ash Transformation during Wheat Straw Combustion.Vol. 37, pp.7–12.available from http://www.aidic.it/cet.(Accessed 10 March, 2013)

Muhammad, A., Tjahjono, H. and Meta, R. (2014): Analysis of Palm Biomass as Electricity from Palm Oil Mills in North Sumatera. Energy Procedia, 47, pp.166–172

Najmi, W.M., Rosil, A.N. and Izat, M.. S. (2007): Combustion Characteristics of Palm Kernel Shells Using an Inclined Grate Combustor. Journal of Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, UiTM, Malaysia,, pp.15–28

Najmi, W. M. W. a, & Rosli, a N. (2006). Combustion Characteristics of Palm Kernel Shells Using an Inclined Grate Combustor. Biomass, 2006(August), 2–7.

Nussbaumer, Th. and Good. J. (1998): Determination of the Combustion Efficiency in Biomass Furnace. Biomass for Energy and Industry. 10th European Conference and Technology Exhibition, June 8-11,Wurzburg, Germany, pp.1308-1310

Oladosu, K.O, Kareem B, Akinnuli B.O and Abass, A.O Optimization of Ash Yield from Combustion of Palm Kernel Shell and Selecyed Additives (Al2O3, CaO and MgO) Using D Optimal Design Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies 28, 2016, 9-18

Pichet, N. and Vladimir I. (2014): Combustion of palm kernel shell in a fluidized bed : Optimization of biomass particle size and operating conditions. Energy conversion and management, pp.1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2014.01.054

Raji, T.O., Oyewola, O. M. and Salau, T. A. (2012): New features for performance enhancement of experimental model bubbling fluidized bed combustor. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Resarch Vol.3, No1 pp.1–10.

Razuan, R., Chen , K. and Finnel.(2011): Combustion of oil palm stone in a pilot-scale fluidised bed reactor. Fuel Processing Technology, Vol. 92, pp.2219–2225.

Rogaume T., Jabouille, F. and Torero, J.l. (2009): Effect of excess air on grate combustion of solid waste and on gaseous products. International Journal of Thermal Science Vol. 48, pp.165-173

Sjaak, V. and Jaap, K. (2008): Handbook of biomass combustion and co-firing, ISBN-13:978-1849711043

Sulaiman N., Abdullah H., Gerhauser A. S., An outlook of Malaysian energy, oil palm industry and its utilization of wasted as useful resources, Biomass and Bioenergy, 2011, 35, p. 3775-3786.

Thomas, R., Jabouille, F. and Torero, J. L. (2009): Effect of excess air on grate combustion of solid wastes and on gaseous products. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, pp.165–173.

Yin, C., Rosendahl, L. and Kær, S.K. (2008): Grate-firing of biomass for heat and power production. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol.34, pp.725–754.

Downloads

Published

2019-05-14

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 1 (2019): FUTA Journal of Engineering and Engineering Technology

Section

Articles

License

Copyright

With the submission of a manuscript, the corresponding author confirms that the manuscript is not under consideration by another journal. With the acceptance of a manuscript, the Journal reserves the exclusive right of publication and dissemination of the information contained in the article. The veracity of the paper and all the claims therein is solely the opinion of the authors not the journal.